Sleep disorders prevent you from getting restful sleep and, as a result, can cause daytime sleepiness and dysfunction. There are about 80 different kinds of sleep disorders, and about 70 million Americans suffer from them. The most common sleep disorders include insomnia, sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome (RLS), and narcolepsy. A doctor diagnoses sleep disorders based on physical exams, sleep diaries, and a variety of diagnostic tests.
Insomnia is a sleep disorder in which you have difficulty falling asleep or staying sleep. People with insomnia may have one or more of the following symptoms: difficulty falling asleep; waking up often during the night and having trouble going back to sleep; waking up too early in the morning; and having unrefreshing sleep. Insomnia varies in how long it lasts and how often it occurs; it can be short-term (acute insomnia) or can last for a long time (chronic insomnia.
Commonly Prescribed (On-Label) Drugs: Acetophenazine, Chloral Hydrate, Diphenhydramine, Doxylamine, Estazolam, Eszopiclone, Ethchlorvynol, Ethinamate, Flurazepam, Glutethimide, Methyprylon, Paraldehyde, Pentobarbital, Quazepam, Secobarbital, Temazepam, Triazolam, Zaleplon, Zolpidem
Off-Label Prescription Drugs Breakthrough Options: Mirtazapine, Trazodone
Narcolepsy is a neurological disorder of sleep regulation. Persons with narcolepsy have excessive daytime sleepiness and intermittent, uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep during the daytime. These sudden sleep attacks may occur during any type of activity at any time of the day. Narcolepsy usually begins between the ages of 15 and 25, although it can happen at any age. Symptoms include hallucinations, cataplexy, and paralysis. In many cases, narcolepsy is undiagnosed and, therefore, goes untreated.
Commonly Prescribed (On-Label) Drugs: Amphetamine, Dextroamphetamine, Methylphenidate, Modafinil, Sodium Oxybate
Off-Label Prescription Drugs Breakthrough Options: Clomipramine, Fluoxetine
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