Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is irregular uterine bleeding that occurs without a known cause. It reflects a disruption in the normal cyclic pattern of hormonal stimulation of the endometrial lining at ovulation. The bleeding is unpredictable in many ways. It might be excessively heavy or light, prolonged, frequent, or random. This condition usually is associated with menstrual cycles not accompanied by ovulation, but also can occur in woman with infrequent or irregular ovulation.
Commonly Prescribed (On-Label) Drugs: Medroxyprogesterone Acetate, Norethindrone, Progesterone
Off-Label Prescription Drugs Breakthrough Options: Desmopressin, Leuprolide, Levonorgestrel-Ethinyl Estradiol, Norethindrone Acetate-Ethinyl Estradiol, Norgestimate-Ethinyl Estradiol, Norgestrel-Ethinyl Estradiol
A woman normally menstruates every 23 to 35 days. Amenorrhea means not having menstrual periods. Primary amenorrhea is not having menstrual periods by the age of 16. Secondary amenorrhea is the absence of three or more periods in a row in a woman who has had regular menstrual periods. Menstruation requires that the uterus, cervix (opening to the uterus), vagina, and ovaries be normal and healthy. The pituitary gland and the hypothalamus, both located in the brain, must also be functioning properly. A problem with any of these parts of the body may keep a woman from having a period.
Commonly Prescribed (On-Label) Drugs: Bromocriptine, Gonadorelin, Hydroxyprogesterone, Medroxyprogesterone, Norethindrone, Progesterone
Off-Label Prescription Drug Breakthrough Option: Norgestrel-Ethinyl Estradiol
Dysmenorrhea is simply the medical term for menstrual cramps, that dull or throbbing pain in the lower abdomen many women experience just before and during their menstrual periods. For some women, the discomfort is merely annoying. For others, it can be severe enough to interfere with everyday activities for a few days every month. Primary dysmenorrhea involves no physical abnormality and usually begins within three years after menstruation begins. Secondary dysmenorrhea involves an underlying physical cause, such as endometriosis or uterine fibroids.
Commonly Prescribed (On-Label) Drugs: Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Belladonna, Celecoxib, Diclofenac, Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen, Meclofenamate, Mefenamic Acid, Naproxen, Valdecoxib
Off-Label Prescription Drugs Breakthrough Options: Danazol, Flurbiprofen, Goserelin, Isoxsuprine, Levonorgestrel-Ethinyl Estradiol, Nafarelin, Nifedipine, Norethindrone Acetate, Norethindrone Acetate-Ethinyl Estradiol, Norgestrel-Ethinyl Estradiol, Norgestimate-Ethinyl Estradiol, Terbutaline
It is very common for women to experience heavy bleeding during a menstrual period. Some women have heavy periods almost every cycle. Menorrhagia is the medical term for excessive and/or prolonged menstrual bleeding. This condition is also known as hypermenorrhea. Although heavy menstrual bleeding is a common concern among premenopausal women, only a few women experience blood loss severe enough to be defined as menorrhagia.
Commonly Prescribed (On-Label) Drugs: Meclofenamate
Off-Label Prescription Drugs Breakthrough Options: Danazol, Leuprolide, Levonorgestrel-Ethinyl Estradiol, Levonorgestrel -Releasing Intrauterine System, Medroxyprogesterone Contraceptive Injection, Naproxen, Norethindrone Acetate, Norethindrone Acetate-Ethinyl Estradiol, Norgestimate-Ethinyl Estradiol, Norgestrel-Ethinyl Estradiol, Tranexamic Acid IV
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a group of symptoms related to the menstrual cycle, which may include fatigue, headache, gastrointestinal problems, breast swelling and tenderness, changes in appetite, joint and muscle pain, tension, irritability, mood swings, crying spells, anxiety, depression, memory and concentration trouble. PMS symptoms occur in the week or two weeks before menses (menstruation or monthly bleeding). The symptoms usually go away after menses starts. PMS may interfere with normal activities at home, school, or work. Menopause, when monthly periods stop, brings an end to PMS.
Commonly Prescribed (On-Label) Drugs: Chlorotrianisene
Off-Label Prescription Drugs Breakthrough Options: Alprazolam, Bromocriptine, Buspirone, Citalopram, Clomipramine, Danazol, Drospirenone-Ethinyl Estradiol, Fluvoxamine, Goserelin, Leuprolide, Medroxyprogesterone Acetate, Mefenamic Acid, Nafarelin, Naproxen, Norethindrone Acetate, Nortriptyline, Spironolactone
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). According to the Committee on Gynecologic Practice of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, up to 80% of women of reproductive age have physical changes with menstruation; 20 to 40% of them experience symptoms of PMS, while 2 to 10% report severe disruption of their daily activities, which is called premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Key symptoms are severe depression, irritability, and tension before menstruation.
Commonly Prescribed (On-Label) Drugs: Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline
Off-Label Prescription Drugs Breakthrough Options: Alprazolam, Citalopram, Clomipramine, Drospirenone and Ethinyl Estradiol, Escitalopram, Fluvoxamine, Goserelin, Leuprolide, Mefenamic Acid, Metolazone, Mirtazapine, Nafarelin, Naproxen, Nortriptyline, Spironolactone, Venlafaxine
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